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Nominated: Loongson Architecture

By Loongson Technology Co., Ltd. wuzhenwic.org Updated: 2021-11-05

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In 2021, the LoongArch ISA passed the evaluation by a well-known domestic third-party intellectual property evaluation agency in China and has been officially released.

Instruction Set Architecture specifies the interface between computer's software and hardware, and is the binary code format specification of the software instructions executed by the CPU. One ISA carries a software ecosystem, such as the Wintel ecosystem formed by the X86 ISA and the Windows operating system. The AA ecosystem is formed by the ARM ISA and the Android operating system. At present, it has become a consensus to build an independent and controllable information technology system and industrial ecology. In 2020, Loongson Technology launched LoongArch based on the accumulation of 20 years of CPU development and ecological development, including basic parts and extensions such as vector instructions, virtualization, and binary translation, with nearly 2,000 instructions. LoongArch does not include the MIPS ISA.

LoongArch has the characteristics of complete independence, advanced technology, and compatibility.

LoongArch redesigns the architecture independently from the top-level design of the entire architecture to the functional definition of each part, to the code, name, and meaning of each instruction in the details.

LoongArch discards some of the outdated contents in the traditional ISAs that are not suitable for the current development trend of software and hardware design technology and absorbs many advanced technological achievements in the field of ISA design in recent years. Compared with the original, compatible ISA, it is easier to design with high performance and low power consumption in terms of hardware and easier for compiler optimization and the development of operating systems and virtual machines in terms of software.

LoongArch fully considers compatible ecological requirements and integrates the main functional characteristics of the international mainstream ISAs. At the same time, relying on Loongson's technology accumulation and innovation in binary translation for more than ten years, it can achieve efficient binary translation of a variety of international mainstream ISAs.

LoongArch ISA has been evaluated by a well-known domestic third-party intellectual property evaluation agency in China, who believes that:

○ LoongArch ISA has independently designed the ISA, instruction format, instruction encoding, addressing mode, etc.

○ The LoongArch ISA manual is obviously different from those mentioned above major international ISAs in chapter structure, instruction description, and instruction content description.

○ No infringement risk of the LoongArch infrastructure to the Chinese patents of those mentioned above major international ISAs has been found.

The user manual of the basic architecture of LoognArch has been officially published. What's more, Loongson Technology will cooperate with partners in the industrial chain to set up an open architecture alliance as appropriate, where LoongArch and certain IPs of Loongson CPU cores would be shared within the alliance for free.

ISA is the foundation of software ecology. The launch of LoongArch is an important achievement of Loongson's long-term independent research and development. It is a significant technological leap at the historically-critical moment of completing the make-up course of CPU performance and comprehensively turning to ecological development.


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